Disadvantages Of Sex Education - 1734 Words

Sex education helps people gain the information, skills and motivation to make healthy decisions about sex and initially assists with determining their individual sexuality. Unfortunately, when most students are done with sex education classes, they do not have a clear understanding of contraception and safe sex practices and the benefits they allow for. Almost everything revolves around sex or doing drugs and the peer and media pressure that follows is unwavering. Although we have a handful of children who aspire to be more successful, an alarming number of teenagers are slowly falling by the wayside, engaging in indecent sexual activity. Teens nowadays are starting to become sexually active at such a young age. It angers one to know†¦show more content†¦Teen mothers have poor prenatal care since they fail to attend their prenatal appointments. They are at a higher risk of experiencing pregnancy complications and post-natal depression. In addition, they tend to give birth to premature babies and low weight babies. The United States has the highest rate of teen pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the industrialized world. Each year, one out of three teenage girls becomes pregnant. Although teen pregnancy rates have dropped from 61.8 births per 1000 in 1991 to41.7 births per 1000 in 2003, pregnancy ra tes in the U.S still are declining at slower rates than those in other developed nations. These sobering statistics are the basis of an ongoing battle: the fight for abstinence-only versus comprehensive sex education. Although proponents of both types of sex education aim to reduce teenage pregnancy and STIs, their approaches vary greatly. Abstinence-only advocates believe that sex before marriage is immoral and harmful; they promote abstinence as the sole option to help young people avoid STIs and teen pregnancy, mentioning condoms and contraceptives only in terms of their failures rates. Abstinence advocates feel that â€Å"Americans are not suffering from lack of knowledge about sex but an absence of values. In contrast, Proponents of comprehensive sex education and abstinence-plus-education promote abstinence as a good method for avoidingShow MoreRelatedAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Single-Sex Education1374 Words   |  6 PagesEngland, there are as many as 726 mainstream single-sex secondary schools, 378 of them are state schools (DFES, 2007). As such, there are considerable debates about the single-sex education system whether it is the best way of learning or not. Co-education (co-ed) i s an educational system where boys and girls study in the same institution, which means no segregation on sex-basis. Throughout the history of education and until the 18th century, single-sex school (SSS) was the most common type of schoolRead MoreThe Best Kind of Sex Education708 Words   |  3 Pages There is much controversy over which form of sex education should be taught, comprehensive sex education, or abstinence-only sex education. The definition for comprehensive sex education is responsible and balanced sexuality education that seeks to assist young people in understanding a positive view of sexuality, provide them with information and skills about caring for their sexual health, and help them acquire skills to make decisions now and in the future. It is medically accurate and providesRead MoreMixed Schools1386 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ This essay provides a discussion between the disadvantages and advantages of mixed schools. 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While co-ed schools allow students to develop socially, single-sex schools have the advantage in academic success. Single-sex schools provide a conducive learning environment for students, allow teachers to teach accordingRead MoreSingle Sex And Co Educated Schools887 Words   |  4 PagesThe debate on utilizing single sex or co-educated schools has been around for far too long. However, this controversy will come to an end today. No one should look and depend on the bright side only, because single sex schools are not exactly what everyone expects. Do people really expect for a child’s grades to improve at an instant? Psychological problems will begin to increase if students do not interact with the opposite sex. Students will lack the advantages of the co-educational elementaryRead MoreAre Single Sex Schools Better Than Co Ed?770 Words   |  4 PagesSame Sex or Coed Learning Are single-sex schools better than co-ed? We must first ask ourselves what is the main purpose of educating our youth. If the answer is to simply just teach our youth the basics like Mathematics, English, Social Studies, and Sciences then the answer would be yes. However, it is paramount that we also educate our youth in these topics while also preparing them to social interact and solve issues with all races and sexes. A single sex school or classes would greatly limitRead Moreunit 202 outcome 1.1772 Words   |  4 Pageslevel 2 stls Unit 204 outcome 1.1 The equality act 2010 provides a modern single legal framework with clear laws to be more effective in tackling discrimination and disadvantages. It covers the following areas- †¢ Age †¢ Disability †¢ Gender reassignment †¢ Marriage and Civil partnership †¢ Race †¢ Religion or belief †¢ Sex †¢ Sexual orientation We also have our own policies in school to cover equality. There is- †¢ S.E.N. †¢ Racial Equality †¢ Equal opportunities †¢ These explain whatRead MoreCo Education624 Words   |  3 Pagesand Disadvantages of Co – education Co – education exists when boys and girls learn together in one school. It first existed in Greece because of the belief of Plato, a Greek philosopher, that co – education helps in the development of the personality of both men and women when they are put together in the same school or class. It is prevalent in many countries because of its advantages, but for some, they do not want it because of its negative effects. In most countries, co – education is implemented

Bibliography paper Free Essays

string(95) " from the civil society requesting that the government introduce another policy model instead\." Discuss the relative merits of top-down and bottom-up approaches to the diffusion of renewable energy technologies. †Word count: 1300 Introduction The question of whether an Initiative Is considered top-down or bottom-up Is a question of perspective, so a local council Annihilative can be viewed as a bottom up If you view It from a central government perspective, whereas you could view It as top down If you were one of the residents. Diffusion follows the innovation phase, and is all about uptake of new products by consumers, how new products enter the market and spread across. We will write a custom essay sample on Bibliography paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now Therefore, diffusion is a measure of how successfully a new product has spread through society. In his book ‘Diffusion of Innovations’ ref) Everett Rogers espouses that there are four mall elements that Influence the spread of a new Idea: the innovation Itself, communication channels, time, and a social system. In order to self-sustain, the Innovation must be widely adopted. The diffusion of Innovations according to Rogers. With successive groups of consumers adopting the new technology (shown in blue), its market share (yellow) will eventually reach the saturation level. Diffusion doesn’t happen by itself, as it squires element of the marketing mix: product price place promotion. Process physical evidence properties pleasure people. ND Rogers’ criteria for diffusion: relative advantage (offering a competitive advantage) complexity (being easy to use) compatibility (matching existing products) Absorbability (seeing the product in use) Tractability (trying the product out) Diffusion is also significantly affected by such factors as the efforts companies and organizations put into achieving those marketing mix elements and criteria for diffusion: government Initiatives aimed at Influencing the take up of new cosmologies (top-down, technology push); and the characteristics of the consumers In that market place. In the conventional depictions of consumer responses to products, consumers are seen as passive – simply selecting from what Is on offer. However, some consumers are becoming more selective and are concerned about accordingly In his book ‘Enabling Innovation’, Boor Outwitted describes innovation as involving a Darwinian process of selection. New ideas are tested and tried, but adopted only if they are seen as valuable by consumers (*ref) Top down *See â€Å"what makes renewable energy work. UDF† in 30TH folder Any technology signed to be used by society on the macro level (larger scale) needs to be integrated into existing technical and social structures. This means that these structures must be adapted to support an efficient use of the technology. The task of managing this adaptation requires the finance and support of governments. Key elements of technology support systems for renewable energy systems are: Public awareness and acceptance Qualification of everyone that interacts with the system (Installation, Maintenance and Operation) Quality control: every new technology goes through a number of iterations until reliable and efficient operation is achieved. If products entering the market do not meet a minimum standard confidence will be affected and diffusion may be prematurely halted. Organizational infrastructures supporting the technology must be in place to guarantee that a deficient device can be repaired quickly, and that spare parts are available. Logistical infrastructures are in place to provide fuels (in the case of Biomass) efficiently and in sufficient quantities – this may require the use of financial incentives for farmers to switch to alternative crops to support the technology. Development of standards regarding the renewable technology and fuels seed by them – this will encourage more manufacturers to enter the market thus driving performance up, and costs down, enabling further diffusion. Qualification of those indirectly confronted by the technology – architects, planners, public decision makers. They have special interests and create new markets with their purchasing choices. They influence the market in a bottom-up way.. Level 5 developer consumers. They develop new or modified products to meet their needs or concerns. They become more proactive in a bottom-up way in terms of technological innovation, and sometimes operate in niche markets. Level 6 Consumer innovators. Consumer initiatives lead to success and diffusion. The products transcend the niche markets created by these proactive consumers, and these products and the enterprises that have created them may become part of the mainstream. These consumers change the market and the products, and these changes may become part of the new order. At each successive level in this list, the influence of businesses on innovation and effusion decreases, as consumer influence and involvement increases. However, in all categories, business involvement is still strong and ultimately, at level 6, any successful products emerging from the bottom-up process are likely to be taken up by conventional companies. ‘The levels of consumer involvement shown above apply to individual consumers and small grass-roots user groups. However, these are not the only sources of external influence on the rate of technological development and diffusion. Consumers can also be part of wider consumer organizations and environmental pressure groups. Placements through the lobbying power and public influence of large numbers of members. For example, green groups may oppose nuclear power and support solar power. Clearly, given the involvement of grass-roots activists, this is a bottom-up approach, although some pressure groups have national and internat ional roles and can be major players in the high-level political processes. ‘ The DVD includes illustrative examples which are relevant to your discussion on the relative merits of each aspect of the top-down and bottom-up approaches. They include the Hector Housing project, the Austrian DID solar case study, SamÃ'‘, Local generation in Waking etc. Ochs your attention to the good aspects of each approach. Think about such things as where these approaches might be best suited (and examples thereof), and also how whether they are mutually exclusive. Argue the case for and against various strategies for supporting diffusion for specific technologies or programmers. – Identify in general terms the key factors likely to influence the successful diffusion of new technological developments – Assess the relative merits of top-down and bottom-up approaches to diffusion and to the wider innovation process. Http://nun. Du/publications/articles/policy-innovation-for-techno logy-diffusion- Japanese-renewable-energy. HTML – Bottom up driving top-down: â€Å"Prior to the adoption of RPR, there were vociferous calls from the civil society requesting that the government introduce another policy model instead. You read "Bibliography paper" in category "Papers" The Feed-in Tariff (FIT) is a policy generally proven to be successful in the member states of the European Union† Learning outcome 1 . 1: The way in which market, environmental and economic factors influence the consumer take-up (diffusion) of new products. – Block 4, page : key points of section 1 Block 4, page : key points of section 2 http://www. Warwick. AC. UK/face/cross_face/low_carbon/conference/programmer/low- carbon_conference_king_Wang_final_comma. PDF Diffusion theory is a collection of concepts that attempt to explain how new ideas, products or practices are taken up into use by domestic, commercial and industrial consumers. According to Everett Rogers (1983), a leading theoretician, diffusion is the process by which an innovation is communicated through certain channels over time among the members of a social system’ leading to its subsequent adoption into widespread use. Rogers identifies five factors that influence diffusion. He suggests the ease and rate performance and/or cost terms, compared with existing products compatibility – with existing products, and with consumers’ values and lifestyles complexity – by contrast, he argues that complexity is a negative attribute absorbability – seeing it in action, including seeing how others get on using it Tractability – availability for personally checking out its merits. In addition, perceived risk or danger in use could be added to the list as another potential disincentive. Consumers have increasingly become active in making complaints about the quality of products and services. In parallel, and more positively, consumers increasingly seem to be willing to put effort into searching for what they want. This is not to do simply with price. With a generally more affluent population, the focus is increasingly on performance and quality as well as value. Block 4, pig 15 For the present, it should simply be noticed that not all of this enhanced consumer selectivity is related to self-interested personal utility concerns such as performance, quality or technical advantages, or even a desire for more things. Some consumers have adopted wider ethical stances in relation to what they buy and what they will tot buy, and sometimes, how much they will buy. In practice, only a few people opt for frugal denial, but many more are concerned about the sheer volume of their personal consumption and may seek to cut back on things they feel are frivolous or in some way undesirable. According to research for the Co-operative Banks Ethical Purchasing Index, in the period from 1999 to 2002, 52 per cent of I-J consumers boycotted at least one product because they disapproved of the practices of the company concerned. It was estimated that E. 6 billion had been lost by firms in 2002 due to consumers switching brands on ethical grounds. A survey in 2004 of potential consumer attitudes to companies that did not comply with the new environmental legislation requiring companies to reduce carbon dioxide emissions -introduced under the EX. Emissions trading scheme(Elk TEST) – found that consumers would vote with their feet if companies failed to comply with this new green legislation. One in three respondents to the survey said they would switch brand allegiance on environmental grounds if a company they regularly buy goods and services from failed to comply (Illogical, 2004). Moreover, consumer responses are not simply negative – some consumers will costively select products which comply with environmental legislation or which are marketed as, for example, involving fair trading with producers in developing countries, or which avoid testing on animals. Block 4, pig 16 environmental sensitivities that influence their purchasing decisions; some companies have responded to this new market; and the government seems keen that the public should do more, particularly in relation to selecting environmentally appropriate products. Learning outcome 1. 2: The role of consumers in supporting new product lines, resisting unwanted options and, on occasion, stimulating the production of, or even actually developing, desired products and services. – Block 4, page : key points of section 1 Block 4, page : Key points of section 2 Block 4, page : key points of section 4 Block 4, page : Key points of Section 5 Block 4, page : key points of section 6 Learning outcome 1. : The difference between top-down and bottom-up approaches to innovation and diffusion and the potential role of consumers and users in aiding diffusion and innovation. Block 4, page : key points of section 1 Block 4, page : key points of section 5 (Bottom -up) Block 4, page : ke y points of Section 6 (Bottom-up) Block 4, page : key points of Section 7 (Top-down) Learning outcome 1. 4: Consumer involvement with innovation and diffusion in the renewable energy sector and the problems that such activity may come up against. Block 4, : key points of section 1 Block 4, page : key points of Section 2 Block 4, page : Impact on technology diffusion Block 4, page : key points of section 3 : key points of section 5 page page Block 4, page Consumer involvement classification. I have identified six levels of consumer involvement: At each successive level in this list, the influence of businesses on innovation and diffusion decreases, as consumer influence and involvement increases. However, in all categories, business involvement is still strong and ultimately, at level 6, any successful products emerging from the bottom-up process Block 4, page Governments influence the mix of products and systems in ways often beyond the control of consumers, through regulation, taxes and other policy mechanisms. They seek to stimulate the development and diffusion of selected technologies in line with wider national or international strategic priorities. For example, based on environmental policy, governments may seek to phase out the use of coal for electricity generation and to back wind, wave or tidal power. Clearly this sort of influence involves a top-down approach, although one moderated by democratic processes. Learning outcomes 1. 5: The role of government in influencing the direction and effectiveness of the innovation process and the strategic development of technology in the context of trying to move to the environmentally sustainable use of energy. Block 4, page : Government energy options Block 4, page : Conclusions Block 4, page : key points of section 7 Block 4, pig 10 : key points of section 8 Block 4, piggy : key points of section 9 Learning outcome 1. 10: The role of diffusion and the part played by consumers in paving to a more sustainable approach to energy use. SAA 14: It is true that most innovations are the result of efforts by companies to develop products that will sell to consumers, with governments perhaps providing support for specific lines of development deemed strategically important. However, as has been argued in this block, the diffusion process can be greatly aided if consumers and users are involved in some way. Indeed, motivated consumers and users can sometimes create markets for new areas of innovation. Even when it comes to Just responding to innovations developed by others, the social and community context is important for diffusion. Certainly diffusion may be delayed or prevented if the community opposes the innovation – as was illustrated in the case of wind power. More positively, bottom-up initiatives from the grass-roots can sometimes throw up original ideas that can be diffused widely. Indeed, in some sectors this can be a major source of innovation in terms of new product development, as well as aiding Block 4, pig 23 Diffusion is the final stage of the innovation process, and is concerned with the take-up of new products by consumers. The rate of diffusion at any one time depends on how consumers react to new products. Some will adopt them quickly, most others will take their time, and a few will remain hesitant until there is no other option. In the conventional depictions of consumer responses to products, consumers are seen as passive – simply selecting from what is on offer. However, some consumers are becoming more selective and some are concerned about ethical, social and environmental issues and are adjusting their purchasing choices accordingly. A bottom-up grass-roots approach to innovation may offer some advantages over a top-down approach, by ensuring involvement of users in both reduce development and diffusion. A technology â€Å"push,† also known as top down transfer, is diffusion from higher levels of authority to lower levels. An example of â€Å"push† is Federal efforts at technology transfer through legislation, regulation, or policy. Entrepreneurs and other individuals or organizations whose objectives are to implement a technology typically â€Å"push† in order to do so. In marketing terms, the client is â€Å"sold† the technology. A transfer â€Å"pull† is Just the opposite, a bottom-up form of diffusion. The client demands the technology. The search for innovation moves up from the lower levels f an organization until it is accepted or addressed and resolved by higher authorities. Two systems exist for diffusion of innovation: centralized or decentralized. Decision making in centralized systems is concentrated at a high level, while decentralized systems feature wide sharing of power within the diffusion network. In centralized systems diffusion is vertical – from the top down, as innovations emerge from formal RD projects. Centralized systems favor technology push, where â€Å"needs† are defined at a high level. Innovations which cannot be easily modified, or re-invented, re best diffused using a centralized system. Decentralized systems use horizontal diffusion, as local experimentation is often the innovation source and use technology pull, where needs are defined locally. Innovations which lend themselves to modification are best diffused by a decentralized approach because such an approach allows local adaptation of innovations to reflect local needs. There are, as a general rule, two types of projects. Projects following top-down procedures where large projects are conceived and announced by the Ministry of Scientific Research and Information or Ministry of Environment. Those commissioned projects are rewarded with large amount of money. The second type of project concerns smaller ones and follows a bottom-up approach with three different types of grants: grants for public research (PRO or Universities), SEEM projects and projects supported by the EX. Framework programmer. Http://sustainabledevelopment. UN. Org/content/documents/Kandahar. PDF top down monitoring and audit process to ensure that the quality standards are strictly met and the Company policies and procedures are being properly followed Top-down Definition – A development or change initiated and managed from above by overspent or companies: the conventional approach macroeconomic measures Block 4, pig 82 governments can ensure the successful development and spread of strategically selected technologies. This will include a look at new technology development as well as at diffusion because the successful diffusion of new products frequently rests on how well those products have been developed. For example, the UK government’s 2003 innovation review identified environmental issues, and the need for improved, lower impact products and services, as a key driver for future innovation. The review suggested that some of the new developments would be specific environmental goods and services, such as technologies to minimize pollutants or promote resource efficiency, or renewable energy sources Block 4, pig 86 Nevertheless, in order to achieve its aim of increasing the contribution from renewable, the I-J government found it necessary to provide support to enable the newly emerging technologies to enter the marketplace. New technologies usually face a challenge in trying to get established in markets dominated by the existing range of products, and this was clearly a problem for renewable faced with the nominate fossil fuel and nuclear industries. So the government decided to provide extra support to stimulate diffusion, by adjusting the market. As noted earlier, this is sometimes called market ennoblement – enabling key new technologies to be taken up by the market. Block 4, pig 90 By contrast, the subsidy systems for wind projects in Germany, Denmark and elsewhere meant they could make use of locations with much lower wind speeds – indeed they often had little choice because, for example, Denmark is mostly flat and wind speeds there and in Germany are generally much lower than in the I-J. Block 4, pig 93 How to cite Bibliography paper, Papers

Symbol as an Integral Part of a Humans Life

Despite the fact that a man is a creature that possesses certain independence, people have always felt the need to socialize. The author of the article â€Å"Symbols. The basic Element of Culture† Leslie A. White has made an important contribution to psychology as a science, interpreting the nature and the meaning of a symbol in people’s lives. However, the article raises certain questions that still need consideration.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Symbol as an Integral Part of a Human’s Life specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Leslie’s method to investigate the problem could be described as both the experimental one and the one involving certain theoretical work. Leslie both gathered the existing facts about the role of signs in people’s culture and gave the examples based on her own experience as a scientist. According to the article by Leslie A. White, symbols indicate that à ¢â‚¬Å"it was the symbol which transformed our anthropoid ancestors into men and made them human.† These are only people that have some to using symbols to express their ideas. However, the symbol is something more than a mere sign that can be interpreted only in one way. There is a certain distinction between them. According to Macionis and Clark (69), A symbol is anything that carries a particular meaning recognized by the members of the culture. A whistle, a wall of graffiti, a flashing red light and a fist raised in the air all serve as symbols. Thus, he claims that symbol is something that can be well understood by a certain group of people, while the people not belonging to this very social group would either take these symbols for something else or consider them meaningless. That is what makes a difference between a symbol and a sign which is always the same for the representatives of any culture.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The evidence that Leslie drives concerns her own experience and the examples that the psychology already has driven explaining the nature of symbol. These are the cases of people deprived of the ability to use symbols during the process of socializing and what it has driven them to. One of the characteristic features of a symbol given in Symbol. The Basic Element of Culture is that it is acquired as the â€Å"thing† the meaning of which is bestowed by those who use it. It is not something settled, and nor is it supposed to have one and the same impact on all people. L. White also emphasizes the fact that symbol is rather a notion than something that is to betaken as an object. It can be an object, a color, a sound or even an odor or a taste. In spite of the fact that author takes the symbols rather as a notion than as an object, some researchers take it even further, expanding the meaning of a symbol to the whole cult ure. Culture is symbolic. The significance of culture lies in the meaning people give to symbols or things or behaviour. The meaning is not inherent in the symbol but is bestowed by the cultural significance. (Andersen 56) Andersen drives an example of the American flag, which is basically a piece of cloth with the pattern on it, but for the people this is the symbol of democracy and freedom. So a symbol is something that people have to be taught. This is not the intuitional knowledge that can come with the experience, but a certain notion that has to be learned. As Lesley emphasizes, it is only a human being who can understand and interpret a symbol. A man and only a man can be taught to understand symbols and their meanings. Lesley drives an example of a child who has been deprived of both the ability to hear and see and the ability to have symbolic contacts with people. As the girl was examined by doctors, they found no human traits in her behavior at all. That means, that these are the symbolic contacts wit the others that make the basis of a human.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Symbol as an Integral Part of a Human’s Life specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This sad fact can be explained by the theory of a symbol. As Kendal has noticed, Culture could not exist without symbols because there would be no shred meanings among people. Symbols can simultaneously produce loyalty and animosity, and love and hate. They help us to communicate ideas such as love or patriotism because they express abstract concepts with visible objects. (50) The way symbols can change as they pass through the cultures is a subject for another research. For example, swastika that used to be the symbol of sun in the ancient times and bore the meaning of good luck, prosperity and wealth, was further on transformed into the symbol of fascism, which has changed people’s attitude to the sign once and for a ll. Macionis and Benokraitis (31) expressed the same idea. The symbol is something that is firmly connected to the culture, and the diversities that are presented in the different cultures can lead to the different understanding of signs. These are only people who can be taught to understand and use symbols. To sum up, the culture of a human presumes the use of symbols as the notions that may underlie a certain thing, or a person or a process, or an action. It is not the idea itself, but its roots, the way to express an idea. What Lesley is trying to convey in her article is that the modern culture is a bunch of symbols that have been developed into an ordered system. They are used in the daily conversation, as well as in the sphere of arts. Symbols can be found in the professional spheres, and the use of them presumes that this layer of society has already developed it into a specific culture of theirs. Symbols are constantly following us throughout our entire life. Our task is to decipher them and to receive the information they carry. They are used as containers for information, and the way they will develop will mark the development of the mankind itself.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Works Cited Andersen, Margaret L., Howard F. Taylor. Sociology with Infotrack:  Understanding a Diverse Society, Casebound. Stamford, CT: Cengage Learning. 2007. Print. Kendal, Diana. Sociology in Our Times: The Essentials. Stamford, CT: Cengage Learning. 2008. Print. Macionis, John J. Nijole V. Benokraitis. Seeing Ourselves: Classic,  Contemporary and Cross-Cultural Readings in Sociology. 8th Ed. New Jersey, USA: Prentice Hall. 2009. Print. Macionis, John J., Juanne Clark, Linda M. Gerber. Sociology. Toronto: Pearson Education Canada. 1994. Print. This essay on Symbol as an Integral Part of a Human’s Life was written and submitted by user AncientOne to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Food and Culture Essay Example

Food and Culture Essay Example Food and Culture Essay Food and Culture Essay Name: Course: Lecturer: Date: : Food and Culture Question 1 There are several carnivalesque activities this semester such as subverting the common beliefs on food. Question 2 Drinks happen to fall under the category of foodways just as other foods. Foodways means everything we eat or consume why we eat it, and its meaning. Therefore, drinks being part of what we consume fall under the category of foodways. Question 3 The center of the difference between esoteric and exoteric is on the state of consciousness. Esoteric means the inner sense of consciousness that is contemplative, meditative and mystical while exoteric means the outer consciousness that is governed by sensory organs or can be perceived physically. Question 4 An example of a food that was considered inedible and turned to edibleness is the kiwi fruit that was a rarity but now included in school lunch programs. Pizza is another example that started as an ethnic food but now popular in many parts of the world. Question 5 When we say that we consider our bodies inviolable, it means they cannot be violated. Question 6 When we say making tomatoes it means preparing them for making meals such as cutting them or peeling off their skin. Question 7 Nationalism is a form of patriotism with which individuals are associated with a nation. It is the same way that food can be associated to some people within a nation. Question 8 Packaging is just meant to be a form of storing the food in good order while manufacturing at most time is meant to preserve the food for a long time. This does not change or transform the food into another food. Thus, it can be considered traditional. Question 9 The rite of passage takes a basic three-part structure of separation, liminal period, and reassimilation. This means that a person is first separated from past, then enters a transformation period, and then accepted in the next status. Question 10 The difference between unpalatable and inedible is that unpalatable may be eaten but it is not delicious or tasty to the person eating it. On the other hand, inedible means it cannot be eaten at all. Question 11 Why should we study food and culture? What does the folklorist bring to its study? Many people or almost all recognize the fact that we are what we eat. As human beings, we are animals with bodies that require nourishing. Therefore, having knowledge of what one eats is very important since not all food is good for us. Additionally, people will have different preferences where what might be good for one may be bad for another. The study of food offer people a good understanding of what they eat. Additionally, different foods will provide different nutrients while different people will require different nutrition. Therefore, with knowledge of food, one will be in a position to know what food best serves their bodies. Folklore is the study of traditional culture and meaning of all its forms including food. Folklore plays a good role in the study of food since it considers the history and culture of each food. It considers where certain foods originated from, their meaning, and how they were prepared. Folklore further provides the evolution of food, how it has come to evolve. It studies the role of food in cultural background, providing a good understanding of food that we eat.

How to Write a Good Thesis Statement

How to Write a Good Thesis Statement In composition and academic writing, a  thesis statement (or controlling idea) is a  sentence  in an essay, report, research paper, or speech that identifies the main idea and/or central purpose of the text. In  rhetoric, a  claim  is similar to a thesis. For students  especially, crafting a thesis statement can be a challenge, but its important to know how to write one because a thesis statement is the heart of any essay you write. Here are some tips and examples to follow. Purpose of the Thesis Statement The thesis statement serves as the organizing principle of the text and appears in the  introductory paragraph. It is not a mere statement of fact. Rather, it is an idea, a claim, or an interpretation, one that others may dispute. Your job as a writer is to persuade the reader- through the careful use of examples and thoughtful analysis- that your argument is a valid one. Developing Your Argument Your thesis is the most important part of your writing. Before you begin writing, youll want to follow these tips for developing a good thesis statement: Read and compare your sources: What are the main points they make? Do your sources conflict with one another? Dont just summarize your sources claims; look for the motivation behind their motives.Draft your thesis: Good ideas are rarely born fully formed. They need to be refined. By committing your thesis to paper, youll be able to refine it as you research and draft your essay.Consider the other side: Just like a court case, every argument has two sides. Youll be able to refine your thesis by considering the counterclaims and refuting them in your essay. Be Clear and Concise An effective thesis should answer the reader question, So what? It should not be more than a sentence or two. Dont be vague, or your reader wont care. Incorrect: British indifference caused the American Revolution. Correct: By treating their U.S. colonies as little more than a source of revenue and limiting colonists political rights, British indifference contributed to the start of the American Revolution. Make a Statement Although you do want to grab your readers attention, asking a question is not the same as making a thesis statement. Your job is to persuade by presenting a clear, concise concept that explains both how and why. Incorrect: Have you ever wondered why Thomas Edison gets all the credit for the light bulb? Correct: His savvy self-promotion and ruthless business tactics cemented Thomas Edisons legacy, not the invention of the lightbulb itself. Don't Be Confrontational Although you are trying to prove a point, you are not trying to force your will on the reader. Incorrect: The stock market crash of 1929  wiped out many small investors who were financially inept and deserved to lose their money. Correct: While a number of economic factors caused the stock market crash of 1929, the losses were made worse by uninformed first-time investors who made poor financial decisions.

Islamism in Nubia and Egypt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Islamism in Nubia and Egypt - Essay Example The arrival of the Arab Muslims into the Christian Country of Egypt began the call to Islam. They penetrated the country to restrain it and bring it under their dominion. Their arrival sparked off the process of Islamization in Egypt. Although throughout the history of Egypt the conversion to Islam was quite gradual but a steady trickle of Copts converting to Islam was inevitable. At some points, this trickle distended to a steady or even gushing flow of new converts. The Islamisation of Egypt went through stages which were diverse in nature and occurred at different stages in its history. People in Egypt were taken by surprise when the triumph of the Muslim Brotherhood achieved a fifth parliamentary seat in the 2005 elections. Concurrent to this shock is the escalating number of attacks on Copts in the country. These two events are in fact connected and should be viewed as a natural consequence of persistent efforts over the past few decades to Islamise the country. Egypt's system o f government that was on the threshold of collapse under a corrupt monarchy some six decades ago, nearly succumb to the leadership of the Muslim Brotherhood. ... of the "Free Officers" had formerly been Brotherhood members and, as new leaders, it was apparent they had exceptional connections with the Brotherhood, but the realities of ruling soon led to differences of interests. This eventually led to the ban of the Brotherhood in 1954, and its objectives and designs had to be set aside. Nevertheless, these goals and aspirations never really died. The years of the Nasser with successes, losses, and experimentations with Arabism and socialism, those set-aside aspirations were revived with the arrival of Anwar Sadat. He commenced his rule by providing avenues to the Brotherhood and other Islamic groups. He then began what has been famously dubbed as the "Great Islamic Transformation" of Egypt. There transpired changes in the constitution to where the Principles of Islamic Shari'a were "a main source" of legislation. This was stipulated in the Second Article of his new Constitution that was promulgated in 1971. The "a" was then replaced with "the", that made Shari'a the term of reference for the entire constitution, therefore stating that all other articles will be interpreted in that sense. This was done in May of 1981. This significant change provided the official, political, and 'psychological' foundation for the Islamic transformation to advance in an unstoppable pace. "I am a Muslim president of a Muslim state." This famous slogan of Sadat was an apparent manifestation of this historical transformation. Those who have endured the most sufferings during the drastic transformation are the Copts. "I can no longer stand the insults and the spitting in my face because I don't wear hijab. I have become a stranger to my own country." This was a statement made by a young Coptic woman from Alexandria, as quoted by one of the

Pelagian Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Pelagian Culture - Essay Example Original sin and overemphasized necessity in Divine aid were considered as the fetters for human. Therefore, the essence of traditional Pelagianism was in negation of original sin influence upon human nature and in neglecting of Divine aid role for human salvation. Promptly these ideas were transformed into several moral principles, namely that human will is capable of choosing good or evil without Divine aid, and that humanity has full control and responsibility for its own salvation in addition to full responsibility for every sin. These old ideas are in a heart of modern society. Indeed, most of us live inspired by ideas of independence, self-sufficiency, and also responsibility for our free choice. However, allegorically some of us build our houses upon the sand. "And every one that heareth these sayings of mine, and doeth them not, shall be likened unto a foolish man, which built his house upon the sand. And the rain descended, and the floods came, and the winds blew, and beat upon that house; and it fell: and great was the fall of it." (Matthew 7:26-27). Are we strong enough to make the right choice between good and evil without God's will inside of us Are we so wise to disclose consequences of our actions hidden in future Last Last questions are contra-Pelagian for the "no" answers. It is interesting that these questions will become pro-Pelagian rhetoric for the "yes" answers assumed. It seems that psychologically Pelagian culture is a culture of self-confident and active individuals. And vice versa, non-Pelagian culture is "suited" for submission and confidence in God's will. For instance, Pelagius places free will at the basis of all turning to God for grace; see St. Augustine's critique in (Book I, chapter24). Then, doctrine of Pelagius somewhat conflicts with the words of Christ: "Without me ye can do nothing" (John 15:5); see details in St. Augustine (Book I, chapter 30). It seems that for modern human being non-Pelagian culture is too passive and internal oriented. However, I suppose that this is essential feature of true Christianity. Of course, both Pelagian and non-Pelagian cultures have positive and negative aspects. To disclose these ones, let us consider the case of real person which tried to balance between own freedom and responsibility. This is the case of Albert Speer, the first architect of the Third Reich. He was talented designer having numerous architectural ideas. And he wished to realize them all. This was the case when individual wants to be self-fulfilled, but self-fulfilled at any price. It is important that this is a typical case for Pelagian (sic!) culture. Moreover, Speer was capable to understand and then realize monstrous architectural visions of Hitler. Therefore, he had access for almost all intellectual, financial and human resources of Nazi Germany. In other words, his free will was supported by external forces. And Speer worked. He felt oneself as a creator of beautiful, perfect and immense constructions. But simultaneously he agreed with the forced evictions of Jews from their houses t o make room for his plans, and also agreed with usage of the slave labour to build his constructions. After years, Speer acknowledged his own guilt, but as guilt of blinded creator with "see no evil" attitude towards the