History of Baju Kurung

History of Baju Kurung The baju kurung, a kind of regional clothes for Malay female, includes baju and kurung. In Malay language, baju means clothes and shirts; kurung means confinement, imprison. Baju is a kind of frock coat, whose sleeve length is to the wrist; kurung is a kind of skirt, which is of the ankle length. Additionally, with a 200-year-long history, the baju kurung was invented by Sultan Abu Babar, who is the father of Modern Johor. In 1800s, when aiming at creating the baju kurung, he considered two main factors: conforming to the rules of their religion and being aesthetically pleasing. As the time goes by, the baju kurung has developed into three main kinds of styles. The original style is the Taditional Baju kurung. The hemline comes below the knees. Another style is the Baju Kurung Kedah. It is similar to the traditional one, but its kurung is cut shorter in the hem so that it is below the waistline. The last style is the Baju Kurung Moden. It is the modern pattern for women. There are ma ny differences between the modern cut and the traditional cut, for example, the collars in the modern one is commonly accessorized with some sumptuous buttons, while the tradition one seldom has this kind of decoration. Since Malaysia is an Islam country, Islam requires that a womans clothes should cover the whole body except hands and face. Consequently, compared with modern clothes, the baju kurung may look conservative. However, many Malay women still prefer the baju kurung. As Malaysia is an Islam country, the baju kurung not only meets the requirement of the religion, but also shows the unique culture of Malaysia. To conform to religion duty is one of the reasons why Malay women wear the baju kurung. Islam, with a more than 1300 years long history, has a great influence on the Muslim and a stringent requirement about womens clothes. As Koran, the holy book of the Islam, says, Prophet, tell your wives and daughters, and the women of the faithful, to draw their wraps a little over their faces. They will thus be recognized and no harm will come to them. God is forgiving and kind (Koran, chapter33, verse59). Furthermore, The clothes for the Muslim women should not be so glamorous that it can attract the attention of men(Asma and Paul, 2003, pg189). Meanwhile, an attire of the baju kurung with a sleeve-length frock coat and a long blouse, covering the whole body of a woman, loose enough and not revealing the figure, just fits the requirement. As a fact, 64. 3% of Malay women pointed out they wore the baju kurung because of their religion. Besides, as a unique part of Malay culture, wearing the baju kurung among Malay women has been considered as a common way to show their cultural identity. As one Malay woman said, Not only Malay women, but also many Malaysia-Chinese girls enjoy wearing the baju kurung to present that they are in Malaysia, which indicates that they are really proud of their culture. Whats more, with the development of Malay culture, the baju kurung, which combines the merits of tradition and modern fashion, brings Malay women, especially young women many benefits. First, the modern baju kurung adds more beauty, elegance, and safety to Malay women. The baju kurung is gradually modernized as the fold on the right side of the skirt are varied, boarded, they do not always start from the waistline, and may be shorter and various in length: the modern attire of the dress moves great individually(Broch-Due, Rudie, and Bleie, 1993, pg297). With the development of modern fashion, and many kinds of colours and embroideries to choose, various kinds of the baju kurung are designed to meet the requirements from individuals. In fact, 90% of Malay women said that the baju kurung was beautiful, and they enjoyed wearing the baju kurung. Additionally, The Baju kurung is loose enough, the ladies who are fat or pregnant can look elegant when they wear baju kurung(Anonymous, para.9) . Covering the whole body but not wrapping up womens body, the baju kurung makes women more elegant. Meanwhile, the baju kurung brings much safety. It must be loose enough, so as not to describe the shape of a womens body. So wearing the baju kurung makes me feel comfortable and safe, especially from naughty eyes which love to stare at womens body(Broch-Due, Rudie, and Bleie, 1993, pg199). While in some extent, the baju kurung may cover womens physical beauty. With a consideration of safety, the baju kurung is practical and acceptable. Second, as a kind of national clothes, the baju kurung is widely worn in formal occasions, such as wedding, and funeral. One Malay young woman said, When a woman is wearing the baju kurung, she is generally considered polite, respectable, and genteel. From this view, the baju kurung is a kind of formal dress for certain occasions in Malaysia. Third, the baju kurung is comfortable and cool. It is true that Malaysia is a tropic country, when Malay women are wearing the baju kurung, it may be considered hot and stuffy. However, 80% of Malay women explained that it was not hot at all. Made of cotton or silk, women who wear the baju kurung no longer feel hot and uncomfortable. In short, due to bringing mental and practical benefits, the baju kurung, as an unique traditional clothes, is acceptable by many modern Malay women. Moreover, to a Malay Muslim woman, wearing the baju kurung not only expresses her loyalty to Islam, but also displays Malay culture to foreigners. At the same time, the baju kurung makes women beautiful, elegant, safe, formal, and comfortable. Thats why the baju kurung, as a kind of traditional clothes, can be developed and inherited until today. All in all, if one traditional clothes intends to last longer, it can learn from the baju kurung, to make a successful combination tradition and modernization. References Books: George Sale (1764). The Koran: commonly called the Alcoran of Mohammed. Britain: Bavaria Library Vigdis Broch-Due, Ingrid Rudie, Tone Bleie (1993). Jendered Symbols and Social Practice Cross-cultural Perspectives on Women. Britain: Berg Publisher Asma Abdull Ah, Paul Pedersen (2003). Understanding Multicultural Malaysia: delights irritations. America: Pearson Publisher Laurence Goldstein (1991). The Female body: figures, styles, speculations. America: University of Michigan Press Beng Huat Chua (2003). Life is not complete without shopping: consumption culture in Singapore. Singapore: NUS Press John Nguyet Erni, Siew Keng Chua (2005). Asian media studies: politics of subjectivities, first edition. America: Wiley-Blackwell Internet: Retrieved from http://web.singnet.com.sg/~hsh17/sect1baju.html on 26th October 2009 http://www.101cookingrecipes.com/malaysia-cooking-recipes/malaysia-melayu-malay-baju-kurung-kebaya-cloth.php on 26th October 2009 http://www.pahang-delights.com/baju-kurung.html on 28th October 2009 http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/translation on 3rd November 2009

E-Marketing Presentation

Good afternoon tutor and students. I would like to present you an e-marketing plan proposal of Royal Brisbane and women’s hospital foundation today. During the proposal I would like to introduce the RBWH foundation company and clearly identify the website that forms the basis. As many of the people know, Royal Brisbane and women’s hospital is one of the largest hospitals in Queensland. However, the RBWH foundation is the charity arm of the hospital that was first publicly in 1985. There are two of the mean projects in RBWH foundation; there are Mother’s Milk Bank and P. A. R.T. Y. Program. It also has the largest cancer services in Queensland. Therefore, the aim of the foundation is to raising funds to help and save lifes. The marketing and communication of Royal Brisbane and women’s hospital foundation are promoting on different ways. Such as newsletters by emails, Royal Mums, information on the Queensland health website, RBWH’s own websites and fa cebook page. As everyone knows, Internet communication is the fastest way to marketing the brand name and the best way to advertising the company. A website should have four generic objectives on it.It should be strategic, integrated, targeted or measurable. This is called marketing effectiveness. However, a successful website must have the key website measurement. Site usage, site content analysis, quantity assurance and how visitor arrived at the site. Home page is the first impression of the websites; it is the most important part. We can clearly see that there is a big labeled of the company name on the left top. It makes a clear mind of the name to the visitors. Also there is a big â€Å"donate now† button on the right top as this is an institution of donation charity.It makes more comfortable for the visitor where the way they can donate. Also make a clearly mind for the visitor what is the meant purpose of this institution want. The menu bar of the home page site shows up all the based information what should the visitor wants be on. Such as â€Å"contact†, â€Å"About us†, â€Å"support†, â€Å"research† and â€Å"Project†, there is a good marketing effect for researching bar, as this is the earlier and quickies way to make the visitors go to the page what they want to visit. Also Facebook page is the most successful part of the website, as facebook got the top view rate in the world.Almost everyone is using facebook in people’s lifetime. Created a facebook page not just can advertised the brand name quickly also can send visitor who do not know about the RBWH foundation to it own site. However, the website do not show out the number which people repeatedly visit the site. And do not have it search terms people used to find the site. Therefore it will lose visitors because of it. These what they need to improve to make the site more perfect. In concluding my presentation, the Royal Brisbane women’ s hospital foundation website is a successful example.As it clearly showed up the visitor what the detail information and what suppose to be in the home page and information page. It also connect to a facebook page to do a free advertising for a successful E-marketing way to let more people to know more about RBWH. However, it also need to improve more, such as showing a number which people repeatedly visit the site and search terms people used to find the website. If the website takes the e-marketing promotion more important it will improve the number of visitor and more life will be save and help. This is the end of my presentation, thank you for your time.

Summary Of The Archetypal Roles In Sir Gawain And The...

Throughout history, archetypes have become increasingly common. In the medieval, chivalrous, romance narrative poem Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, archetypes are heavily displayed, particularly in the character of the Green Knight- who holds several archetypal roles himself. The Green Knight performs the most crucial archetypal roles in the reading and he plays a pivotal part in perfecting of the hero’s--Gawain’s--moral development and revealing some significant changes that occur in the hero’s character. First of all, the Green Knight occupies the role of the Herald, defined as â€Å"The herald or announcer of the adventure, therefore is often dark, loathly, or terrifying, judged evil by the world; yet if one could follow, the way would be†¦show more content†¦By protecting the honor of his kingdom and mostly keeping to the rules of his arrangement with the host, he receives only a nick on the back of his neck instead of decapitation. That small woun d represents what he learns and his temporary moment of weakness. Little does Gawain know, these events and their messages will stick with him and represent a crucial future developments in his character. Lastly, the Green Knight also fills the role of the Evil Figure/Ultimately Good. The Green Knight displays role when he does not kill Gawain and reveals himself: â€Å"Then the Green Knight drew off from him and leaned on his axe,... Then he spoke merrily in a loud voice, and said to the knight, Bold sir, be not so fierce, no man here has done you wrong, nor will do, save by covenant, as we made at Arthurs court. I promised you a blow and you have it--hold yourself well paid! I release you of all other claims†¦ All the gain didst you give me as a true man should. The other feint I proffered you for the morrow: my fair wife kissed you, and you didst give me her kisses--for both those days I gave you two blows without scathe--true man, true return† (Weston 40). In sparing Gawain’s life because he mostly stuck to the deal, the Green Knight also represents the importance of honor

The Character of Torvald Helmer and Nils Krogstad in A...

Torvald Helmer is the least likeable character in A Dolls House, a play by Henrik Ibsen. Torvald is sometimes portrayed as a sexist pig. Such a reading does an injustice to Torvald. There is more depth to his character if one follows the hints that he had actively covered up for Noras father. The first hint came when Nora told Kristina that Torvald had given up his government post because there was no prospect of advancement. It may be that there was no opportunity for getting ahead because promotion was slow in the bureau, but it may have been because his most intimate co-workers (those who would have used the familiar Du with him) were aware of what he had done. While the management did not prosecute him (just as Krogstad was not†¦show more content†¦. . . I may very well be suspected of having been involved in your crooked dealings. They may well think that I was behind it--that I put you up to it.1 Helmer did not want to confront his own dishonesty, and in his efforts to cover up his past, he put all the blame on Nora and her heredity. Once, long ago, his lust for Nora was stronger than his desire for social and economic status. That is no longer the case. She can no longer influence him, not even by promising to do all her little tricks. He even spends so much money on his own clothes that Nora has to work secretly to buy the children new clothing. Now Helmers long work and sacrifice are beginning to pay off: after eight years as a struggling lawyer, he has just been appointed manager of the savings bank--a post that would not be available to anyone with the slightest history of dishonesty. Torvald Helmer has never been able to have a serious conversation with Nora. Is it that he could not risk having the subject of Noras father come to the surface except as a rebuke for her childishness? 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